Web Servers and Databases

ResProx (Resolution-by-proxy or Res(p)) is a web server that predicts the atomic resolution of NMR protein structures using only PDB coordinate data as input. More specfically, ResProx uses machine learning techniques to accurately estimate (with a correlation coefficient of 0.92 between observed and calculated) the atomic resolution of a protein structure from 25 measurable features that can be derived from its atomic coordinates. Because atomic resolution is a simple and near-universal measure of structure quality (i.e. < 2.0 Å is good, > 4.0 Å is bad), ResProx offers X-ray crystallographers and NMR spectroscopists the opportunity to easily assess the accuracy and quality of their 3D protein structures. It also allows them to assess whether their refinement methods have made their structures better (or worse) than what the experimental data suggests. Furthermore, since coordinate data is common to both X-ray and NMR, ResProx should allow structural biologists to use a single, easily understood number to compare the structures determined by NMR with those determined by X-ray crystallography.

References:

1. Mark Berjanskii, Jianjun Zhou, Yongjie Liang, Guohui Lin and David S. Wishart "Resolution-by-Proxy: A Simple Measure for Assessing and Comparing the Overall Quality of NMR Protein Structures", J Biomol NMR. 2012 Jul;53(3):167-80

2. Wiki: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ResProx

RCI (Random Coil Index) webserver predicts protein flexibility by calculating the Random Coil Index from backbone chemical shifts (Cα, CO, Cβ, N, Hα, NH) and estimating values of model-free order parameters as well as per-residue RMSF of NMR and MD ensembles from the Random Coil Index.

References:

1. Mark V. Berjanskii, David S. Wishart (2005) A Simple Method To Predict Protein Flexibility Using Secondary Chemical Shifts. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 127 (43), 14970 -14971

2. Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_Coil_Index

PHASTER (PHAge Search Tool Enhanced Release) is a significant upgrade to the popular PHAST web server for the rapid identification and annotation of prophage sequences within bacterial genomes and plasmids. While the steps in the phage identification pipeline in PHASTER remain largely the same as in the original PHAST, numerous software improvements and significant hardware enhancements have now made PHASTER faster, more efficient, more visually appealing and much more user friendly. In particular, PHASTER is now 4.3X faster than PHAST when analyzing a typical bacterial genome. PHASTER supports the ability to perform automated look-ups against >13,000 previously PHAST/PHASTER annotated bacterial genomes

References

1. Arndt, D., Grant, J., Marcu, A., Sajed, T., Pon, A., Liang, Y., Wishart, D.S. (2016) PHASTER: a better, faster version of the PHAST phage search tool. Nucleic Acids Res., 2016 May 3.

2. Zhou,Y., Liang,Y., Lynch,K.H., Dennis,J.J. and Wishart,D.S. (2011) PHAST: a fast phage search tool. Nucleic Acids Res., 39, W347–W352.

MovieMaker is a web server that allows short (~10 sec), downloadable movies to be generated of protein dynamics. It accepts PDB files or PDB accession numbers as input and automatically outputs colorful animations covering a wide range of protein motions and other dynamic processes. Users have the option of animating 1) simple rotation 2) morphing between two end conformers 3) short-scale, picosecond vibrations; 4) ligand docking; 5) protein oligomerization; 6) mid-scale nanosecond (ensemble) motions; and 7) protein folding/unfolding. Note: MovieMaker is not a molecular dynamics server and does not perform MD calculations.

References:

1. Maiti R, Van Domselaar GH, Wishart DS. MovieMaker: a web server for rapid rendering of protein motions and interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2005 Jul 1;33(Web Server issue):W358-62.

Heatmapper is a freely available web server that allows users to interactively visualize their data in the form of heat maps through an easy-to-use graphical interface. Heatmapper is a versatile tool that allows users to easily create a wide variety of heat maps for many different data types and applications. Heatmapper allows users to generate, cluster and visualize: 1) expression-based heat maps from transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic experiments; 2) pairwise distance maps; 3) correlation maps; 4) image overlay heat maps; 5) latitude and longitude heat maps and 6) geopolitical (choropleth) heat maps. Heatmapper offers a number of simple and intuitive customization options for easy adjustments to each heat map’s appearance and plotting parameters.

References

1. Sasha Babicki, David Arndt, Ana Marcu, Yongjie Liang, Jason R. Grant, Adam Maciejewski, and David S. Wishart. Heatmapper: web-enabled heat mapping for all. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016 May 17.

CS23D (Chemical Shift to 3D structure) 2.0 is a web server for rapidly generating accurate 3D protein structures using only assigned NMR chemical shifts as input. Unlike conventional NMR methods, which require NOE and/or J-coupling data, CS23D2.0 uses only chemical shift information to generate a 3D structure of the protein of interest. CS23D2.0 accepts chemical shift files in either SHIFTY or BMRB formats and produces a set of PDB coordinates for the protein in about 10-15 minutes. CS23D2.0 uses a combination of maximal subfragment assembly, chemical shift threading, shift-based torsion angle prediction and chemical shift refinement to generate and refine the protein coordinates. Tests indicate that CS23D2.0 converges (i.e. finds a solution) for about 90% of protein queries. The performance is dependent on the completeness of the chemical shift assignments and the similarity of the query protein to known 3D folds.

References:

1. Wishart DS, Arndt D, Berjanskii M, Tang P, Zhou J, Lin G. CS23D: a web server for rapid protein structure generation using NMR chemical shifts and sequence data. Nucleic Acids Res. 2008 Jul 1;36(Web Server issue):W496-502.

2. Wiki: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CS23D

Side-chain RCI webserver predicts protein side-chain mobility by calculating the Side-Chain Random Coil Index from side-chain chemical shifts and predicting per-residue RMSD of NMR and MD ensembles as well as fractional accessible surface area of protein residues from the Random Coil Index.

References

1. Mark V. Berjanskii, David S. Wishart (2013) A simple method to measure protein side-chain mobility using NMR chemical shifts. Journal of the American Chemical Society, DOI: 10.1021/ja407509z Publication Date (Web): September 13, 2013.

ClassyFire is a web-based application for automated structural classification of chemical entities. This application uses a rule-based approach that relies on a comprehensible, comprehensive, and computable chemical taxonomy. ClassyFire provides a hierarchical chemical classification of chemical entities (mostly small molecules and short peptide sequences), as well as a structure-based textual description, based on a chemical taxonomy named ChemOnt, which covers 4825 chemical classes of organic and inorganic compounds. It can be accessed via the web interface or via the ClassyFire API.
ClassyFire is offered to the public as a freely acessible web server. Use and re-distribution of the data, in whole or in part, for commercial purposes requires explicit permission of the authors and explicit acknowledgment of the source material (ClassyFire) and the original publication (see below). We ask that users who download portions of the database, or use the service (via the server or the API), cite the ClassyFire paper in any resulting publications.

SuperPose is a protein superposition server. SuperPose calculates protein superpositions using a modified quaternion approach. From a superposition of two or more structures, SuperPose generates sequence alignments, structure alignments, PDB coordinates, RMSD statistics, Difference Distance Plots, and interactive images of the superimposed structures. The SuperPose web server supports the submission of either PDB-formatted files or PDB accession numbers.

References:

1. Rajarshi Maiti, Gary H. Van Domselaar, Haiyan Zhang, and David S. Wishart "SuperPose: a simple server for sophisticated structural superposition" Nucleic Acids Res. 2004 July 1; 32 (Web Server issue): W590W594.

2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SuperPose

SHIFTX is a web server whihc can predict 1H, 13C and 15N chemical shifts for your favorite protein using only its PDB file as input. ShiftX uses a unique semi-empirical approach to calculate protein chemical shifts. Tests conducted on 47 different proteins indicate that program is able to achieve correlation coefficients between observed and calculated shifts of 0.911 (HA), 0.980 (CA), 0.996 (CB), 0.863 (CO), 0.909 (N), 0.741 (HN) and 0.907 (side H) with an RMS error of 0.23, 0.98, 1.10, 1.16, 2.43, 0.49, 0.30 ppm respectively.

References:

1. Stephen Neal, Alex M. Nip, Haiyan Zhang, David S. Wishart (2003) "Rapid and accurate calculation of protein 1H, 13C and 15N chemical shifts" Journal of Biomolecular NMR, 26:215-240.

2. Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ShiftX

VADAR (Volume, Area, Dihedral Angle Reporter) is a compilation of more than 15 different algorithms and programs for analyzing and assessing peptide and protein structures from their PDB coordinate data.

References:

1. Leigh Willard, Anuj Ranjan,Haiyan Zhang,Hassan Monzavi, Robert F. Boyko, Brian D. Sykes, and David S. Wishart "VADAR: a web server for quantitative evaluation of protein structure quality" Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 July 1; 31 (13): 3316.3319

2. Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VADAR

PREDITOR is a program for PREDIcting φ, ψ, χ1, and ω TORsion angles in proteins from 13C, 15N and 1H chemical shifts and sequential homology. PREDITOR 30o-accuracy of predicting φ and ψ is close to 90%. The average χ1 accuracy is 84% while the ω accuracy is 99.98% for trans peptide bond identification and 93% for cis peptide bond identification. Overall, the program is 35X faster and its predictions are approximately 20% better than existing methods.

References:

1. Berjanskii MV, Neal S, Wishart DS. PREDITOR: a web server for predicting protein torsion angle restraints. Nucleic Acids Res. 2006 Jul 1;34(Web Server issue):W63-9.

2. Wiki: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PREDITOR

GeNMR (GEnerate NMR structure) is a web server for generating 3D protein structures using NOE-derived distance restraints and NMR chemical shifts. The web server produces an ensemble of PDB coordinates within a period ranging from 20 minutes to 4 hours, depending on protein size, server load, quality and type of experimental information, and selected protocol options.

References:

1. Mark Berjanskii, Peter Tang, Jack Liang, Joseph A. Cruz, Jianjun Zhou, You Zhou, Edward Bassett, Cam MacDonell, Paul Lu, Guohui Lin and David S. Wishart. GeNMR: a web server for rapid NMR-based protein structure determination. Nucleic Acids Research 2009 37(Web Server issue):W670-W677;

2. Wiki: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeNMR

BioTransformer is a freely available software package for accurate, rapid, and comprehensive in silico metabolism prediction and compound identification. BioTransformer combines a machine learning-based approach with a knowledge-based approach to predict small molecule metabolism in human tissues (e.g. liver tissue), the human gut as well as the environment (soil and water microbiota), via its Metabolism Prediction Tool. 

References:

1. Djoumbou Feunang Y, Fiamoncini J, de la Fuente AG, Manach C, Greiner R, and Wishart DS; BioTransformer: A Comprehensive Computational Tool for Small Molecule Metabolism Prediction and Metabolite Identification; Journal of Cheminformatics; 2018; Submitted

PROSESS (Protein Structure Evaluation Suite & Server) is a web server designed to evaluate and validate protein structures solved by either X-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy. PROSESS integrates a variety of previously developed, well-known and thoroughly tested methods to evaluate both global and residue-specific: 1) covalent and geometric quality; 2) non-bonded/packing quality; 3) torsion angle quality; 4) chemical shift quality and 5) NOE quality. In particular, PROSESS uses VADAR for coordinate, packing, H-bond, secondary structure and geometric analysis, GeNMR for calculating folding, threading and solvent energetics, ShiftX for calculating chemical shift correlations, RCI for correlating structure mobility to chemical shift and Preditor for calculating torsion angle-chemical shifts agreement. PROSESS also incorporates several other programs including MolProbity to assess atomic clashes and His/Asn flips, XPLOR-NIH to identify and quantify NOE restraint violations and NAMD to assess structure energetics. PROSESS produces detailed tables, explanations, structural images and graphs that summarize the results and compare them to values observed in high-quality or high-resolution protein structures. Using a simplified red-amber-green coloring scheme PROSESS also alerts users about both general and residue-specific structural problems. PROSESS is intended to serve as a tool that can be used by structure biologists as well as database curators to assess and validate newly determined protein structures.

References:

1. Berjanskii M, Liang Y, Zhou J, Tang P, Stothard P, Zhou Y, Cruz J, Macdonell C, Lin G, Lu P, Wishart DS. "PROSESS: a protein structure evaluation suite and server;" ; Nucleic Acids Res. Webserver Edition; 2010.

2. Wiki: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROSESS

PANAV is a Java based structure-independent chemical shift validation and re-referencing tool. It is based on using residue-specific and secondary structure-specific chemical shift distributions calculated over small (3-6 residue) fragments to identify mis-assigned resonances. The method is also able to identify and re-reference mis-referenced chemical shift assignments. Comparisons against existing re-referencing or mis-assignment detection programs show that the method is as good or superior to existing approaches.

A standalone version is available. Download here.

References:

1. Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PANAV

2. Bowei Wang, Yunjun Wang and David S. Wishart. "A probabilistic approach for validating protein NMR chemical shift assignments". Journal of Biomolecular NMR. Volume 47, Number 2 / June 2010: 85-99.

Shiftcor compares, identifies, corrects and re-referencs 1H, 13C and 15N backbone chemical shifts of peptides and proteins by comparing the observed chemical shifts with the predicted chemical shifts derived from the 3D structure (PDB corrdinates) of the protein(s)of interest.

References:

1. Haiyan Zhang, Stephen Neal and David Wishart (2003) "RefDB: A database of uniformly referenced protein chemical shifts" Journal of Biomolecular NMR, 25: 173-195

2. Wiki: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHIFTCOR

CFM-ID provides a method for accurately and efficiently identifying metabolites in spectra generated by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). The program uses Competitive Fragmentation Modeling to produce a probabilistic generative model for the MS/MS fragmentation process and machine learning techniques to adapt the model parameters from data.

References:

1. Allen F, Greiner R, and Wishart D. Competitive fragmentation modeling of ESI-MS/MS spectra for putative metabolite identification. Metabolomics. February 2015, Volume 11, Issue 1, pp 98–110.

MAGMET is a web system that automatically identifies and quantifies metabolites using 1D 1H NMR spectra of serum. The NMR spectra must be collected in a standardized fashion (see How To Collect NMR Spectra for MAGMET) for MAGMET to perform optimally. MAGMET first performs all spectral processing steps, including Fourier transformation, phasing, solvent filtering, chemical shift referencing, baseline correction and reference line shape convolution automatically. It then deconvolutes the resulting NMR spectrum using a reference spectral library, which here contains the signatures of more than 60 metabolites (see here for a list). This deconvolution process determines both the identity and quantity of the compounds in the biofluid mixture. Extensive testing shows that MAGMET meets or exceeds the performance of highly trained human experts.

Bayesil is a web system that automatically identifies and quantifies metabolites using 1D 1H NMR spectra of ultra-filtered plasma, serum or cerebrospinal fluid. The NMR spectra must be collected in a standardized fashion for Bayesil to perform optimally. Bayesil first performs all spectral processing steps, including Fourier transformation, phasing, solvent filtering, chemical shift referencing, baseline correction and reference line shape convolution automatically. It then deconvolutes the resulting NMR spectrum using a reference spectral library. This deconvolution process determines both the identity and quantity of the compounds in the biofluid mixture. Extensive testing shows that Bayesil meets or exceeds the performance of highly trained human experts.

References

1. Ravanbakhsh S, Liu P, Bjordahl TC, Mandal R, Grant JR, Wilson M, et al. Accurate, Fully-Automated NMR Spectral Profiling for Metabolomics. PLoS One. 2015 May 27;10(5):e0124219.

GC-AutoFit is a web application that automatically identifies and quantifies metabolites using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) spectra. For optimal GC-AutoFit performance, the query GC-MS spectra should be prepared according to the instructions (How to collect GC-MS Spectra for GC-AutoFit). GC-AutoFit currently accepts .CDF and .mzXML file formats. It uses alkane standards to calculate the retention index (RI) of each peak in the sample. The extracted EI-MS spectra from each peak, along with the RIs, are then compared to reference spectra (RIs and EI-MS) in the specified library to identify and quantify the compounds. The inclusion of blank spectra is optional, however, it is useful for removing noise effects from the query spectra. Extensive testing shows that GC-AutoFit meets or exceeds the performance of highly trained human experts.

The CSI (Chemical Shift Index) 2.0 web server is designed to accurately determine protein secondary structures from backbone chemical shifts (Cα, CO, Cβ, N, Hα, NH) and their corresponding protein sequence data. The server generates a text-based secondary structure assignment as well as a secondary structure graphics plot in ~90-120 seconds (if the PSIPRED prediction option is not used) or >300 seconds (if the PSIPRED prediction option is used). CSI 2.0 also provides a post-prediction Markov-model filtering (7-residue or 5-residue window) to remove the outliers in its final assignment

Reference:

Noor E Hafsa, David S. Wishart: CSI 2.0- a significantly improved version of the Chemical Shift Index, Journal of Biomolecular NMR (2014): Vol. 60(2-3), p. 131-146

LC-AutoFit is a web-application that is tailored for processing the raw Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) spectra collected by the TMIC PRIME and TMIC MEGA metabolomics kits. LC-AutoFit automatically identifies and quantifies the medically important metabolites targeted by the TMIC PRIME and TMIC MEGA kits.

LC-AutoFit is compatible with AB Sciex, Thermo Orbitrap and Altis QTRAP instruments, and currently accepts the raw file formats that are collected from these instruments. LC-AutoFit can be used with blood, urine, and fecal samples. Users can download their quantitated results in .csv file format after data processing. For optimal performance, the query LC-MS spectra should be collected following the manuals provided with the TMIC RPIME and TMIC MEGA kits.

CSI (Chemical Shift Index) 3.0 web server is designed to identify 11 types of secondary and supersecondary structures. In particular, CSI 3.0 uses backbone NMR chemical shifts (Cα, CO, Cβ, N, Hα, NH) and sequence data to identify α helices, β strands, β turns (type I, II, VIII, I′ and II′), coil regions, β hairpins, interior β strands and edge β strands. The server generates a text-based secondary structure assignment as well as a colorful CSI plot (bar graphs) for small-medium sized proteins in approximately 2-5 minutes (depending on the size of proteins and the server load).

Reference:

Noor E. Hafsa, David Arndt, David S. Wishart- CSI 3.0: a web server for identifying secondary and super-secondary structure in proteins using NMR chemical shifts, Nucleic Acids Research (2015): Vol. 43, Issue W1, p. W370-W377

The SHIFTASA web server is designed to accurately estimate residue-level fractional accessible surface area (fASA) from backbone and side-chain chemical shifts for water-soluble proteins. The server generates predicted per-residue fASA values and a corresponding graphics plot in ~90-120 seconds (if the evolutionary profile-based prediction option is not used) or >300 seconds (if the evolutionary profile-
based prediction option is used).

Reference:

Noor E. Hafsa, David Arndt, David S. Wishart: Accessible Surface Area from NMR Chemical Shifts, Journal of Biomolecular NMR (2015): Vol. 62(3), p. 387-401

CS-GAMDy (Chemical Shift driven Genetic Algorithm for Molecular Dynamics) is a program for refining protein structures using NMR chemical shifts as the only source of experimental information. The method employs biased quenched molecular dynamics, a multi-criterion genetic algorithm, several knowledge-based scoring functions, and structural information derived from NMR chemical shifts.

References

1. Berjanskii M, Arndt D, Liang Y, Wishart DS. A robust algorithm for optimizing protein structures with NMR chemical shifts. J Biomol NMR. 2015 Nov;63(3):255-64.

MetaboAnalyst is a comprehensive, Web-based tool designed for processing, analyzing, and interpreting metabolomic data. It handles most of the common metabolomic data types including compound concentration lists, spectral bin lists, peak lists, and raw MS spectra.

References:

1. Xia J1, Psychogios N, Young N, Wishart DS. "MetaboAnalyst: a web server for metabolomic data analysis and interpretation". Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Jul;37(Web Server issue):W652-60. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp356. Epub 2009 May 8.

2. Wiki: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MetaboAnalyst

PolySearch 2.0 is an online search engine and text-mining system for identifying relationships between human diseases, genes, proteins, drugs, metabolites, toxins, metabolic pathways, organs, tissues, subcellular organelles, positive health effects, negative health effects, drug actions, Gene Ontology terms, MeSH terms, ICD-10 medical codes, biological taxonomies and chemical taxonomies. PolySearch 2.0 supports a generalized 'Given X, find all associated Ys' query, where X and Y can be selected from the aforementioned biomedical entities.

References:

1. Liu Y., Liang Y., Wishart D.S. PolySearch2: a significantly improved text-mining system for discovering associations between human diseases, genes, drugs, metabolites, toxins and more. Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Jul 1;43(W1):W535-42.

2. Cheng D, Knox C, Young N, Stothard P, Damaraju S, Wishart DS. PolySearch: a web-based text mining system for extracting relationships between human diseases, genes, mutations, drugs and metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res. 2008 Jul 1;36(Web Server issue):W399-405. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkn296. Epub 2008 May 16.

METAGENassist is a user-friendly, web-based analytical pipeline for comparative metagenomic studies. Input can be derived from either 16S rRNA data or NextGen shotgun sequencing.

References:

1. David Arndt, Jianguo Xia, Yifeng Liu, You Zhou, An Chi Guo, Joseph A. Cruz, Igor Sinelnikov, Karen Budwill, Camilla L. Nesbø and David S. Wishart METAGENassist: A comprehensive web server for comparative metagenomics Nucleic Acids Research 2012 Jul;40(Web Server issue):W88-95. Epub 2012 May 29.

2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/METAGENassist

Proteus is a high-performing integrated web server and a stand-alone application three high-performing de novo structure prediction methods (PSIPRED, JNET and TRANSSEC [a locally developed predictor]), a jury-of-experts consensus tool and a robust PDB-based structure alignment process to generate all of its secondary structure predictions. For water-soluble protein Proteus is able to achieve a very high level of accuracy (Q3=88%, SOV=90%). In the rare situation (20-30%) where a query protein shows no similarity whatsoever to any known structure, PROTEUS is still able to achieve a Q3 score of 79%. Proteus is not restricted to generating accurate secondary structures for water-soluble proteins, as it appears to perform well for integral membrane proteins (both helix-containing proteins and beta-sheet containing porins) that have remote homologues or a portion of a homologue in the PDB.

References:

1. Scott Montgomerie, Shan Sundararaj, Warren J Gallin, David S Wishart. Improving the accuracy of protein secondary structure prediction using structural alignment. BMC Bioinformatics. June 2006, 7:301 

PROTEUS2 is a web server designed to support comprehensive protein structure prediction and structure-based annotation. PROTEUS2 accepts either single sequences (for directed studies) or multiple sequences (for whole proteome annotation) and predicts the secondary and, if possible, tertiary structure of the query protein(s). Unlike most other tools or servers, PROTEUS2 bundles signal peptide identification, transmembrane helix prediction, transmembrane β-strand prediction, secondary structure prediction (for soluble proteins) and homology modeling (i.e. 3D structure generation) into a single prediction pipeline.

References:

1. Scott Montgomerie, Shan Sundararaj, Warren J Gallin, David S Wishart. Improving the accuracy of protein secondary structure prediction using structural alignment. BMC Bioinformatics. June 2006, 7:301

PANAV is a Java based structure-independent chemical shift validation and re-referencing tool. It is based on using residue-specific and secondary structure-specific chemical shift distributions calculated over small (3-6 residue) fragments to identify mis-assigned resonances. The method is also able to identify and re-reference mis-referenced chemical shift assignments. Comparisons against existing re-referencing or mis-assignment detection programs show that the method is as good or superior to existing approaches.

Version 2.1 of the standalone version is now available. Download here.

Older version: Download here.

A web version is also available.

Stand-alone program for protein decoy clustering and fold selection.

Reference:

1. Zhou, J. and Wishart, D.S. (2013) An improved method to detect correct protein folds using partial clustering. BMC Bioinformatics, 14, 11.

SimCell is a DCA Cell simulator used to simulate cellular and biochemical processes.The user, through the use of the SimCell Interface may create: small molecules, membrane, membrane proteins, protein/RNA molecules, DNA molecules and Genes. These cellular components can then interact amongst themselves to create fascinating new processes.

References:

1. David S. Wishart, Robert Yang, David Arndt, Joseph Cruz and Peter Tang. Dynamic cellular automata: a simple but powerful approach to cellular simulation. In Silico Biology.

MetaboMiner is a tool which can be used to automatically or semi-automatically identify metabolites in complex biofluids from 2D NMR spectra. MetaboMiner is able to handle both 1H-1H total correlation spectroscopy (TOCSY) and 1H-13C heteronuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC) data. It identifies compounds by comparing 2D spectral patterns in the NMR spectrum of the biofluid mixture with specially constructed libraries containing reference spectra of approximately 500 pure compounds.

References:

1. Jianguo Xia, Trent C Bjorndahl, Peter Tang and David S Wishart. "MetaboMiner – semi-automated identification of metabolites from 2D NMR spectra of complex biofluids". BMC Bioinformatics 2008, 9:507 doi:10.1186/1471-2105-9-507

2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MetaboMiner

The Protein Property Prediction and Testing Database (PPT-DB) is a collection of protein property databases for over 20 different protein properties including secondary structure, trans-membrane helices and beta barrels, accessible surface area, signal peptides, and more.  

References:

1. David S. Wishart, David Arndt, Mark Berjanskii, An Chi Guo, Yi Shi, Savita Shrivastava, Jianjun Zhou, You Zhou and Guohui Lin: "PPT-DB: the protein property prediction and testing database". Nucleic Acids Research 2008 36(Database issue):D222-D229

2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPT-DB

PepMake generates a PDB coordinate file for polypeptide backbones using only the sequence and backbone dihedral angles as input.

The CyberCell Database (CCDB) is a comprehensive, web-accessible database designed to support and coordinate international efforts in modeling an Escherichia coli cell on a computer. The CCDB brings together both observed and derived quantitative data from numerous independent sources covering many aspects of the genomic, proteomic and metabolomic character of E.coli (strain K12).

References:

1. Shan Sundararaj, Anchi Guo, Bahram Habibi-Nazhad, Melania Rouani,Paul Stothard, Michael Ellison,and David S. Wishart "The CyberCell Database (CCDB): a comprehensive, self-updating, relational database to coordinate and facilitate in silico modeling of Escherichia coli" Nucleic Acids Res. 2004 January 1; 32 (Database issue): D293.D295

2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CyberCell

MetATT is a easy-to-use, web-based tool designed for time-series and two-factor metabolomics data analysis. MetATT offers a number of complementary approaches including 3D interactive principal component analysis, two-way heatmap visualization, two-way ANOVA, ANOVA-simultaneous component analysis and multivariate empirical Bayes time-series analysis.

References:

1. Xia J1, Sinelnikov IV, Wishart DS.MetATT: a web-based metabolomics tool for analyzing time-series and two-factor datasets.Bioinformatics. 2011 Sep 1;27(17):2455-6. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btr392. Epub 2011 Jun 27.

MetPA (Metabolomics Pathway Analysis) is a free and easy-to-use web application designed to perform pathway analysis and visualization of quantitative metabolomic data.

References:

1. Jianguo Xia and David S. Wishart. MetPA: a web-based metabolomics tool for pathway analysis and visualization. Bioinformatics (2010) 26 (18): 2342-2344. 

2. Wiki: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MetPA

MSEA is a web-based tool to help identify and interpret patterns of metabolite concentration changes in a biologically meaningful context for human and mammalian metabolomic studies.

References:

1. Xia J, Wishart DS. MSEA: a web-based tool to identify biologically meaningful patterns in quantitative metabolomic data. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jul;38(Web Server issue):W71-7. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkq329. Epub 2010 May 10.

2. Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolite_Set_Enrichment_Analysis

Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves are generally considered the method of choice for evaluating the performance of potential biomarkers. ROCCET is a freely available web-based tool designed to assist clinicians and bench biologists in performing common ROC based analyses on their metabolomic data using both classical univariate and more recently developed multivariate approaches.

References:

1. Jianguo Xia, David I Broadhurst, Michael Wilson, and David S Wishart (2012) Translational Biomarker Discovery in Clinical Metabolomics: An Introductory Tutorial . Metabolomics, 11/2012.

2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROCCET

BASys (Bacterial Annotation System) is a web server that supports automated, in-depth annotation of bacterial genomic (chromosomal and plasmid) sequences.

References:

1. Van Domselaar GH, Stothard P, Shrivastava S, Cruz JA, Guo A, Dong X, Lu P, Szafron D, Greiner R, Wishart DS.BASys: a web server for automated bacterial genome annotation. Nucleic Acids Res. 2005 Jul 1;33(Web Server issue):W455-9.

2. Wiki: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BASys

GelScape is a web-based gel viewing and annotation system.

References:

1. http://www.gelscape.ualberta.ca/htm/browser.html

With Shifty you can predict 1H, 13C, and 15N chemical shifts for your favourite protein using only its amino acid sequence as input. The technique uses dynamic programming to detect sequence homologies between your query and sequences of hundreds of previously assigned protein the BioMagResBank.

References:

1. http://shifty.wishartlab.com/

SHIFTOR is a program for predicting φ, ψ, χ1, and ω torsion angles in proteins from 13C, 15N and 1H chemical shifts and sequential homology. For a test set of 31 proteins, SHIFTOR 30o-accuracy of predicting φ and ψ is close to 90%. The average χ1 accuracy is 81% while the ω accuracy is 99.98% for trans peptide bond identification and 93% for cis peptide bond identification. Overall, the program is 100X faster and its predictions are approximately 30% better than existing methods.

References:

1. Neal S, Berjanskii M, Zhang H, Wishart DS. Accurate prediction of protein torsion angles using chemical shifts and sequence homology. Magn Reson Chem. 2006 Jul;44 Spec No:S158-67

PHAST(PHAge Search Tool) is a web server designed to rapidly and accurately identify, annotate and graphically display prophage sequences within bacterial genomes or plasmids. It accepts either raw DNA sequence data or partially annotated GenBank formatted data and rapidly performs a number of database comparisons as well as phage “cornerstone” feature identification steps to locate, annotate and display prophage sequences and prophage features. Relative to other prophage identification tools, PHAST is up to 40 times faster and up to 15% more sensitive. It is also able to process and annotate both raw DNA sequence data and Genbank files, provide richly annotated tables on prophage features and prophage “quality” and distinguish between intact and incomplete prophage. PHAST also generates downloadable, high quality, interactive graphics that display all identified prophage components in both circular and linear genomic views.Furthermore, tests indicate that PHAST is as accurate or slightly more accurate than all available phage finding tools, with sensitivity of 85.4% and positive predictive value of 94.2%.

References:

1. You Zhou, Yongjie Liang, Karlene Lynch, Jonathan J. Dennis, David S. Wishart “PHAST: A Fast Phage Search Tool” Nucl. Acids Res. (2011) 39(suppl 2): W347-W352 [doi:10.1093/nar/gkr485][PMID:21672955]

Proteome Analyst (PA) is an online tool used by researchers to rapidly analyze proteins. Using machine learning technologies, PA can accurately predict the subcellular localization and high level function of user submitted proteins.

Users can also analyze proteins using common bioinformatics tools such as: BLAST, HMMer, PROSITE, and PSIPRED.

References:

1. Duane Szafron, Paul Lu*, Russell Greiner, David S. Wishart, Brett Poulin, Roman Eisner, Zhiyong Lu, John Anvik, Cam Macdonell, Alona Fyshe and David Meeuwis. Proteome Analyst: custom predictions with explanations in a web-based tool for high-throughput proteome annotations. Nucleic Acids Research, 2004, Vol. 32, Web Server issue W365–W371. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkh485

2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteome_Analyst

The Bovine Rumen Metabolome Database (RMDB) makes available tables containing the set of 246 ruminal fluid metabolites or metabolite species from the bovine ruminal fluid metabolome, along with their concentrations, related literature reference and links to their known diet associations. The data was collected by combining NMR spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass-spectroscopy (ICP-MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), direct flow injection (DFI) mass spectrometry and lipidomics with computer-aided literature mining to identify and quantify essentially all of the metabolites in bovine ruminal fluid that can be routinely detected with today’s technology.

The RMDB has been combined into the Bovine Metabolome DataBase (BMDB) and is no longer available on its own.

References

1. Fozia Saleem, Souhaila Bouatra, An Chi Guo, Nikolaos Psychogios, Rupasri Mandal, Suzanna M. Dunn, Burim N. Ametaj, David S. Wishart. The Bovine Ruminal Fluid Metabolome. Metabolomics. April 2013, Volume 9, Issue 2, pp 360-378.

The COVIDmapper project is designed to provide geopolitical heatmaps showing the progression of COVID-19 spatially and temporally. COVIDmapper uses the Heatmapper platform (http://heatmapper.ca/) and spatio-temporal COVID data collected from the WHO, Johns Hopkins University, and a number of regional health centres from around the world (1,2). It also employs modeled data from reported and existing epidemiological trend data to predict future COVID trends ([1]). Data for COVIDmapper is updated daily at 0:00 GMT.

Using a simple pull-down menu, users can display COVID-19 heatmaps for different geographic levels: 1) the world, 2) continents, 3) individual countries, and 4) states or provinces. Data on the reported number of COVID cases, reported number of COVID deaths, reported per capita cases, reported per capita deaths, “real” number of cases (using 3 different case fatality rate models) and reported COVID tests can be easily displayed using COVIDmapper’s simple pull-down menu. Users may select any date to explore previous COVID statistics or any future date (based on modeled projections) to explore projected COVID statistics for different regions. Tables for all data in COVIDmapper (at the state, country, continent, or global level) are viewable as tables and can be freely downloaded. All maps are interactively zoomable and exact values are interactively displayed over each map by hovering over a region of interest. The intensity (opacity) of the heatmaps can be adjusted to display more (or less) of a country’s geography.